Considering mining waste is generated in huge quantities globally, wouldn't it be great if the mining industry found useful applications for it? For example, high pH red mud (Al ore) could be used to neutralise acid drainage from other mines, rather than chucked. Alternatively, it could be used in the production of bricks and cement, reducing the need for virgin materials. Or, used to fill abandoned mines, reshaping terrain for vegetation and other land-use applications. Plans for using mining waste, rather than chucking it, should be a crucial component of new mine project applications.